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College of the Bernardins: in Europe in the 13th century universities start teaching theology and replace monasteries. In 1245 pope Innocent IV encourages Cistercians (monks) to go to Paris to study. An English monk, Etienne de Lexington, founded the college in 1248 just half a century after the university of Paris (la Sorbonne) had opened. The college closed after the French Revolution/civil war in the late 18th century.